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PUBLICATION 11/2024EL2022-002/P2024-077Percutaneous Absorption of Two Bisphenol A Analogues, BPAF and TGSA: Novel In Vitro Data from Human SkinBisphenol AF (BPAF) and 4,4'-Sulfonylbis[2-(prop-2-en-1-yl)phenol] (TGSA) are analogues of Bisphenol A (BPA). BPAF is commonly used in polymer synthesis, whereas TGSA finds application in thermal papers. BPAF is classified as toxic to reproduction 1B…
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PUBLICATION 07/2024EL2020-003/P2023-192Human in vitro percutaneous absorption of bisphenol S: assessment of the skin reservoir and occlusion effectsBisphenol S (BPS) was introduced in many industrial and commercial applications as a presumed safer alternative to bisphenol A. However, concerns have been raised
surrounding skin absorption and potential persistence of BPS, and its related…Learn more
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PUBLICATION 05/2025EL2020-003/P2025-019Dermal absorption, skin retention and urinary elimination of bisphenol S in rats: in vitro, in vivo and intravenous comparative analysisBisphenol S (BPS) is widely used as a substitute for bisphenol A (BPA) in industrial applications, raising concerns about its dermal absorption and potential systemic toxicity. This study investigated the toxicokinetics of BPS following dermal…
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PUBLICATION 06/2026EL2022-002/P2026-036In vitro assessment of human dermal exposure to emerging bisphenols : Bisphenol E (BPE) and Bisphenol B (BPB)Le bisph nol E (BPE) et le bisph nol B (BPB) apparaissent comme des alternatives au bisph nol A (BPA), bien que les informations sur leur toxicit et sur l'exposition humaine restent limit es. Bien qu'ils ne soient pas officiellement class s comme tels, ces…
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PUBLICATION 07/2008NOETUDE/4912/NS275Health and Safety Management Systems at Work - Characteristics and Implementation ConditionsThe purpose of this study, developed by a French "Management and Prevention" work group (CNAM-CRAM-INRS), was to conduct a qualitative assessment of practices deployed within Health & Safety Management Systems (SMS&ST in French). These organisational…
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PUBLICATION 10/2025EL2022-002/P2025-020Percutaneous Absorption of climbazole: In Vitro Data from Human SkinClimbazole is an antifungal substance used as an active ingredient or antimicrobial preservative in pharmaceuticals and personal care products. It is classified by the EU as an acute toxicant (Category 4), and ECHA has recently confirmed its…
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