How can functional AI be safely integrated into a machine?

Integrating machine-learning (ML) into automation brings new capabilities and new constraints to machines. In 2021, the SIAS conference paper entitled "AI algorithms within machinery: Safety issues" presented the specific features of LA machines. From these specificities and thanks to new studies and a relevant case, this paper aims to guide machine designers, integrators and end-users of these machines.<br/>
The processes for designing and using learned automation will be developed as follows: <br/>
i. needs analysis (how to be sure that learned automation is the good solution to solve the problem), <br/>
ii. proof of concept and choice of the technical solution (how to test and validate the automation system before building it),<br/>
iii. phase of the machine's life cycle related to the creation of a data bank (how to safely create a machine learning data bank),<br/>
iv. the "learning" operating mode (how to implement a learning function in the machine as part of a programming operation),<br/>
v. performance analysis and validation (how to measure and analyze the algorithm performance),<br/>
vi. maintenance (how to check the LA system), <br/>
vii. technical documentation (how to explain the use of the LA system to operators and maintenance personnel).<br/>
An online quality control application of organic products (such as fruit or wooden plank type) will serve as an example for the design and safety integration process; advices and best practices for maintenance and operation will also be provided. Furthermore, this paper emphasizes the study and the realization of the graphical user interface (with learned automation). This interface is a key factor in the success of safety integration. <br/>
The whole approach is oriented towards the prevention of occupational risks related to machines. In other words, what are the safety impacts of learned automation compared with conventional automation?<br/>
Nowadays, learning techniques do not directly integrate safety functions, but they can have an indirect impact on safety.